Subspecies & Varieties Crib:

ESSEX BOTANY AND MYCOLOGY GROUPS

SUBSPECIES & VARIETIES CRIB FOR ESSEX FLORA RECORDING

Aethusa cynapium agrestis	longest pedicels about as long as bracteoles, to 20cm	rare alien, arable
Aethusa cynapium cynapium	longest pedicels about half as long as bracteoles, to 1m	common, arable and gardens
Anagalis arvensis arvensis	petal marginal hair cells 2 celled - red, pink or blue PLEASE RECORD COLOUR	r-common, p-and b-rare.
Anagalis arvensis foemina	petal marginal hair cells 3 celled, - blue	rare alien
Arctium minus minus Lesser Burdock	petioles hollow, heads to 25mm diam., more or less sessile, heads longer than wide	very common
Arctium minus nemorosum Wood Burdock	petioles hollow, heads to 40mm diam., more or less sessile, heads wider than long	rare in Essex, largely woodland
Arctium minus pubens Hairy Burdock	petioles hollow, heads to 40mm diam. stalks 5-120mm, heads cottony (c.f. A. tomentosum Alien)	frequency not known
Arrhenatherum elateus bulbosum	with basal onion-like corm	rare arable weed
Arrhenatherum elateus elateus	no basal corm	common
Brassica rapa campestris	lvs. clasping, green, fl. buds in apical bowl surrounded by open fls. 'Barge Cabbage'	by rivers
Brassica napus oleifera	lvs. clasping, waxy blue-green, flower buds on top of dome of flowers	cultivar - record as casual
Bromus hordeaceus hordeaceus	spikelets softly hairy but pedicels short, lemmas >8mm	common
Bromus hordeaceus longpedicellatus	spikelets softly hairy but pedicels long (c.f. commutatus long pedicels but glabrous)	sometimes sown as crop
Bromus hordeaceus thominei	dwarf, (<12cm), lemmas <8mm	coastal dunes and cliffs
Carex divulsa divulsa	grey green, fruits in summer and autumn, fl. stems floppy - 2 forms one with confluent spikelets	common
Carex divulsa leersii	yellow green, fruits early - gone by June -lvs. 'go pop' when pulled away at ligule, fl. Shoots ascending	on chalk and coastal shell
Catapodium rigidum var. majus	twice pinnale, secondary pinnae turned at right angle so forms bushy inflorescence	occasional, mainly coastal
Catapodium rigidum var. rigidum	twice pinnate, secondary pinnae all in one flat plane	common
Centaurea nigra nigra	phyllaries with round apical segment	scattered
Centaurea nigra nemoralis	phyllaries with narrow triangular apical segment	common
Cornus sanguinea australis	hairs on back of leaf appressed to surface	commonly planted alien form
Cornus sanguinea sanguinea	many hairs on back of leaf sticking up above surface	common native form
Deschampsia cespitosa cespitosa	wide lvs., spikelets >3.5mm, hair tuft at base of lemma reaching next	common grassland
Deschampsia cespitosa parviflora	narrow lvs., spikelets <3.5mm, hair tuft base of lemma short	common woodland
Eleocharis palustris palustris	spikelets 40-70 flowered, middle level glumes <3.5mm, nuts <1.5mm	slightly less common
Eleocharis palustris vulgare	spikelets 20-40 flowered, middle level glumes >3.5mm, nuts >1.5mm	commonest
[N.B. all the southern Eleocharis species except uniglumis and palustris have 3 as opposed to 2 stigmas]
Epilobium tetragonum tetragonum	narrow waxy leaves tapering to sessile base and coarse teeth, only crisped hairs on stem	commonest willowherb, arable waste g.
Epilobium tetragonum lamyi	leaves wider, shortly petiolate, not decurrent down stem	uncommon, arable
Epilobium tetragonum tournefortii	flowers big, 8-13mm, petals 6-11mm.	new verge alien Cambs.
Festuca ovina hirtula	well drained usually acid, lvs hairy at base, lemmas hairy to 4.2mm, awn to 0.8mm	very rare
Festuca ovina ophioliticola	well drained calcareous soils,, lemmas to 4.9mm, awns to 1.6mm	very rare
Festuca ovina ovina	usually acidic soils, lemmas scabrid, to 4.2mm, awns to 1.1mm ,	very rare
Festuca rubra cummutata	tufted - rhizomes 0 or very short	native, under-recorded, often sown
Festuca rubra juncea	short rhizomes, short dense blue-green tufts,	maritime e.g. Colne Point by houses
Festuca rubra litoralis	short rhizomes, dense mats on salt marshes among Triglochin & Puccinellia maritima	common on saltings
Festuca rubra megastachys	lvs of culms and often tillers flat, tall (to 1m) large diffuse panicle	sporadic plants road verges
Festuca rubra rubra	rhizomes well developed, leaves folded into awl-like form, culm lvs often flat	common everywhere
Ficaria verna chrysocephala	very large flowers and leaves	garden escape (one record Easters)
Ficaria verna fertilis	very good achene set - no bulbils in axils of leaves late in season	common open sites
Ficaria verna ficariiformis	good achene set plus bulbils late in season	sporadic London area so far
Ficaria verna verna	very poor achene set (1-2), bulbils in leaf axils late in season	common shady areas
Fumaria officinalis officinalis	20-45 flowers per raceme, lower petal pointed to apex, sepals >2.5mm long	common arable, gardens
Fumaria officinalis wirtgenii	5-20 flowers per raceme, lower petal truncated at apex, sepals >2.5mm long	commonest on light soils
Galium palustre elongatum	lvs >20mm long, flowers 3.0-4.5mm diam. , pedicels >4mm at flowering	supposed to be commonest ???
Galium palustre palustre	lvs <20mm long, flowers 2.0 -3.5mm diam, pedicels <4mm at flowering	???? Need checking
Hedera helix helix	common climbing ivy	common
Hedera helix 'Hibernica'	cultivar with large 3-pronged leaves, mainly ground cover	common escape
Hordeum murinum leporinum	outside two of the triple spikelets fertile and swollen	rare
Hordeum murinum murinum	only the centre one of the triple spikelets fertile and swollen	common
Lactuca serriola integrifolia	leaves entire, tongue-shaped	common inland
Lactuca serriola serriola	leaves dissected	largely coastal, and main road verges
Lamiastrum galeobdolon montanum	the native form (N.B. its not subsp. galeobdolon that only occurs in Lincs.)	woodland
Lamiastrum galeobdolon argenteum	silver mottled leaves - common garden escape	invading woods and waste ground
Lapsana communis communis	capitula 1.5 to 2cm diam. Ligules c.1.5x length of inner phyllaries	common
Lapsana communis intermedia	capitula 1.5 to 2.5-3.0cm diam. (looks like a Hieracium), ligules c.2.5x inner phyllaries	very rare alien
Lotus corniculatus corniculatus	stems solid	native common
Lotus corniculatus sativa	stems hollow, but young calyx not reflexed like pedunculata which also has hollow stems	alien planted in WF mixes, common
Luzula multiflora congesta	flower clusters in almost stalkless lobed head	acid heathland, common
Luzula multiflora multiflora	flowers clusters on long, largely upright stalks	acid heathland, common
Montia fontana amporitana	seeds with >3 outer rows of pointed tubercles	??
Montia fontana fontana	seeds smooth and shiny	??
Montia fontana chrondrosperma	seeds with broad hemispherical tubercles all over	??
Montia fontana variabilis	seeds with 2-3 outer rows of pointed tubercles	??
Papaver dubium	white sap	occassional, widespread, arable
Papaver lequoqii	yellow sap	occassional, largely chalk arable
Pastinaca sativa sativa	terminal umbel larger than laterals, rays >8 unequal rays, upper stems deeply ridged	common inland verges
Pastinaca sativa urens	terminal umbel no larger than laterals, its rays < 8 and + unequal, upper stems smoothish	mainly coastal
Pilosella aurantiaca aurantiaca	spreading by underground rhizomes	garden escape in grassland
Pilosella aurantiaca carpathicola	spreading by green overground stolons	garden escape in grassland
Poterium sanguisorba balearicum	robust, very leafy, deeply serrated lvs. fruiting head winged, faces smooth	alien planted in WF mixes, common
Poterium sanguisorba sanguisorba	fewer, less serrated leaves, fruiting head scarcely winged, faces distinctly reticulate	native on calcareous soils
Rumex crispus crispus	one large tubercle two small	common
Rumex crispus littoralis	three large tubercles like 'giant conglomeratus'	marine sand and shingle
Sagina apetala	sepals erect or inclined, outer ones rather pointed	common
Sagina filiformis	sepals sticking out at right angles (patent), outer ones rounded to hooded	common
Salix cinerea cinerea	white felted underside, dull above	commonest in E. England
Salix cinerea oleifolia	rusty felted underside, slightly glossy above	a few planted in Essex
Tragapogon pratensis minus	yellow ligules shorter than phyllaries	common
Tragapogon pratensis pratensis	yellow ligules equal or longer than phyllaries	v. rare alien
Trifolium pratense pratense	stem solid	common
Trifolium pratense sativum	stem hollow	cultivar
Urtica dioica dioica	stings - potassium rich soils	common
Urtica dioica galeopsifola	more or less stingless - leaves long narrow-triangular	wet woods and fens
Veronica hederifolia hederifolia	terminal tooth of leaflets wider than long, flowers white/blue, anthers blue, style >0.6mm	Common arable, open sites
Veronica hederifolia lucorum	terminal tooth of leaflets narrower than long, flowers white/lilac, anthers lilac, style < 0.5mm	Occasional gardens, shaded sites
Veronic persica corrensiana	the common form with smaller and paler lower lip	very common, flowers all year
Veronic persica persica	robust form with large bell-shaped all bluish-lilac flowers (see Essex Botany One)	widespread gardens, arable. Flowers early April - end of May
Vicia sativa sativa	leaflets, large oval, flowers larger than sagitalis	cultivar uncommon (crop 'Tares')
Vicia sativa segetalis	leaflets narrow, wings reddish standard pink	commonest
Vicia sativa nigra	leaflets dimorphic, upper leaflets narrower than lower, wings and standard both red	rare (native)